Evaluation of Poultry Manure and Cow Dung on <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L Planted on Spent Oil Polluted Soil

Abstract

Pollution from Spent Lubricating Oil (SLO) is one of the major problems farmers encounter in Nigeria. The study is a completely randomized design with Ibadan Local tomato seedlings grown on the following treatments: 0 ml SLO (control), 75ml SLO, 35g of poultry-manure + 75ml SLO, 35g of cow-dung + 75ml SLO, and 4g of NPK + 75ml SLO replicated four times. Physico-chemical parameters of the soil, poultry manure (PM) and cow-dung (CD), heavy metals, and Total-Petroleum-Hydrocarbon (TPH) were determined before and after pollution using standard procedures. Tomato seedlings were transplanted into pots of amended soil with SLO (5 kg/2 plants) and monitored till maturity. Data were taken on growth, yield parameters and analyzed using ANOVA (p<0.05). Results showed significant differences among the treatments. The soil textural class was sandy-loamy with pH (7.2). Tomato in control plots had the highest values 48.30cm plant-height (PH), number-of-leaves (82.63) (NOL), number-of-fruits (0.98) (NOFR) and fresh-weight (0.55g) (FW). Tomato plants grown on CD amended had the lowest 14.40 cm PH, SLO at 75 ml had 6.00 and 1.71cm for NOL and SD, respectively. The NOFR 0.70 value was from PM amended, FW 0.10g was from SLO at 75ml. Heavy-metals bioaccumulation ranges were: Cu 3.00-36.61mg/kg and Zn 15.00-303.79mg/kg. The final TPHs ranged from 181.66 -1350.00mg/kg, while % TPH removal ranged from 4.69- 53.18%. Cow-dung treated soil reduced the amount of copper and zinc present compared with spent oil soil. The growth performance of tomatoes in this study suggests that soil amendment should be encouraged.