Prevalence of and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in a cohort of preterm infants treated exclusively with non-invasive ventilation in the first week after birth
Abstract
Objectives. To determine the current prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature babies treated with non-invasiveventilation at Tygerberg Children’s Hospital, Parow, Cape Town, South Africa, and to identify risk factors associated with the development
of ROP.
Methods. A retrospective medical records review of infants screened for ROP during a 2-year period (January 2009 - December 2010). Infants who did not receive invasive ventilation during the first week of life were included. Twenty-four previously reported risk factors for the development of ROP were identified for use in a multivariate logistic regression (MLR) analysis.
Results. A total of 356 patients were included. The overall prevalence of ROP was 21.8% and that of clinically significant ROP (CSROP) 4.4%. The risk factors with a statistically significant association with the development of ROP on MLR analysis were severe apnoea (p=0.0005) and decreasing birth weight (p=0.0382).
Conclusions. There is a low prevalence of ROP in the cohort of preterm infants treated exclusively with non-invasive ventilation in the first
week of life. The risk factors of importance in our population were severe apnoea and lower birth weight. Birth weight is a practical and reproducible variable that can be used to aid development of ROP screening criteria.
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