Evaluation of Apoptotic and Growth Inhibitory Activity of Phloretin in BGC823 Gastric Cancer Cell
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the in vitro anti-proliferative activity and probable mechanism of phloretin in human gastric cancer BGC823 cell lines.
Methods: Phloretin was isolated from apple tree leaves and identified by 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), 13C-NMR and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The inhibitory activity of the compound in BGC823 gastric cancer cells was determined by Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and soft agar colony formation assay while its apoptotic activity was detected by fluorescene staining and Western blotting analysis.
Results: The results show that the inhibitory activity of phloretin in BGC823 gastric cancer cells was mediated by induction of apoptosis and down-regulation of Bcl2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) expression. The anti-proliferative effects of phloretin was dose-dependent and inhibited the growth of BGC823 gastric cancer cells by 73 % at 30 μM; this effectively induced cleavage of anti-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) as well as downregulation of Bcl2 protein expression in BGC823 cells after 24 h treatment.
Conclusion: Phloretin is a promising preventive and therapeutic agent for gastric cancer.
Keywords: Phloretin, Gastric cancer, Apoptosis, β-Cell lymphoma 2, Anti-poly (ADP ribose) polymerase
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