Ameliorative Effect of Gallic Acid Against Sodium Fluoride-Induced Hypertension and Hepato-Renal Complications In Wistar Rats

Abstract

Gallic acid (GA) derivatives occur naturally in plants and it has been reported to possess antioxidant properties against various disease conditions. Here, the  meliorative effects of GA on sodium fluoride (NaF) induced-hypertension and hepatotoxicity was studied. Four groups of seven rats each were used in this study. Group A received distilled water (control), group B received NaF (300 ppm), groups C and D received NaF + GA (60 mg/kg) and NaF + GA (120 mg/kg), respectively, through oral gavage, for 7 days. The results showed that NaF alone significantly increased systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure. Administration of NaF also significantly raised both renal and hepatic hydrogen peroxide,  malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, serum myeloperoxidase and significantly decreased reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-s-transferase when compared to the control and co-administered with GA. However, GA co-administration with NaF reduced high blood pressure and markers of oxidative stress, improved antioxidant defence system. It also ameliorated structural changes in renal and hepatic tissues. Our findings thus suggest that GA is a potential drug candidate in the treatment of NaF induced hypertension and hepatotoxicity

Keywords: Sodium fluoride, Gallic acid, Hypertension, hepato-renal toxicity