Women representation in political activities: An investigation of gender equality In Kwara State, Nigeria

Abstract

Women encounter various problems in political activities, including gender discrimination, lack of access to funding, cultural and societal  barriers, unequal opportunities, and limited representation in leadership positions. These issues often hinder women's ability to  participate fully in politics, restrict their chances of getting elected or appointed to political positions, and ultimately affect the quality of  democratic governance. The study therefore investigates women representation in political activities and gender equality in Kwara State.  The survey research design was used with the study population of sixteen Local Government Areas in the state, and the sample of 375  respondents was selected using stratified and purposive sampling techniques from across political parties. Data was collected using a  5-point Likert scale questionnaire that was validated and found to have a coefficient value of 0.821 using Cronbach's reliability.  Descriptive analysis methods, such as simple bar charts, factor analysis, and relative significant statistics, were used to answer research  questions using Excel and SPSS software. Results showed that cultural norms and limited socio-economic opportunities restricted  women's ability to participate in political activities and contest for political positions, except for appointed positions. Gender equality in  political activities in Kwara State was found to be uncertain, with women's representation falling below the 35% affirmative action target  set by the National Gender Policy in Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommended that political parties establish mentorship  networks to build the capacity of female politicians and empower rural communities.