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Evaluation of the toxicity of a methanolic total extract of <i>Mitragyna ciliata</i> a natural anti-malaric
Abstract
Mitragyna ciliata (MYTA) is a Rubiaceae used in traditional medicine to treat malaria. Total methanolic extract of MYTA made was used for toxicological studies on laboratory mice and rats. The extract
of MYTA was administered intraperitoneally. The doses ranged from 0 to 4000 mg/kg body weight (bw) (i.e.,0, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg bw) for acute toxicity, and from 0 to 475 mg/kg body weight (bw)
(i.e., 0, 125, 250 and 475 mg/kg bw) for subacute toxicity studies. Following administration of high doses, the mice had jerky movements and died lying on their belly. The maximal tolerated dose (MTD) obtained was 500 mg/kg of bw, whereas 50% lethal dose (LD50) was 1412 mg/kg of bw. The study of the effects of MYTA on the complete blood count, blood glucose and the serum markers ((urea, uric acid, creatinine, transaminases (GOT, GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine phosphokinase (CPK)) of
noble organs of rats was performed. The results obtained with the serum enzymes (GOT, GPT, ALP, CPK and LDH) showed that no significant increase of activity occurred. This indicated that the heart and liver might not have suffered damages. Besides, significant decreases were observed in the serum activities of GOT, ALP and LDH, suggesting that MYTA could have a potential hepatoprotective effect. Nevertheless, significant increases were observed in the serum concentration of urea, uric acid and creatinine at high doses. This indicates the accumulation of these metabolites in the blood, which could be due to kidney injury, leading to a decrease in renal elimination of waste.
of MYTA was administered intraperitoneally. The doses ranged from 0 to 4000 mg/kg body weight (bw) (i.e.,0, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg bw) for acute toxicity, and from 0 to 475 mg/kg body weight (bw)
(i.e., 0, 125, 250 and 475 mg/kg bw) for subacute toxicity studies. Following administration of high doses, the mice had jerky movements and died lying on their belly. The maximal tolerated dose (MTD) obtained was 500 mg/kg of bw, whereas 50% lethal dose (LD50) was 1412 mg/kg of bw. The study of the effects of MYTA on the complete blood count, blood glucose and the serum markers ((urea, uric acid, creatinine, transaminases (GOT, GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine phosphokinase (CPK)) of
noble organs of rats was performed. The results obtained with the serum enzymes (GOT, GPT, ALP, CPK and LDH) showed that no significant increase of activity occurred. This indicated that the heart and liver might not have suffered damages. Besides, significant decreases were observed in the serum activities of GOT, ALP and LDH, suggesting that MYTA could have a potential hepatoprotective effect. Nevertheless, significant increases were observed in the serum concentration of urea, uric acid and creatinine at high doses. This indicates the accumulation of these metabolites in the blood, which could be due to kidney injury, leading to a decrease in renal elimination of waste.
