Article Sidebar
Article Details
Open access articles published in the Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology are under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) License which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The CC BY license permits commercial and non-commercial re-use of an open-access article, as long as the author is properly attributed.
Copyright on any research article published in the Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology is retained by the author(s). The authors grant the Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology with a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
Use of the article in whole or in part in any medium requires proper citation as follows:
Title of Article, Names of the Author, Year of Publication, Journal Title, Volume (Issue) and page. Links to the final article on the JSRE website are encouraged.
The Creative Commons Attribution License does not affect any other rights held by authors or third parties in the article, including without limitation the rights of privacy and publicity. Use of the article must not assert or imply, whether implicitly or explicitly, any connection with, endorsement or sponsorship of such use by the author, publisher or any other party associated with the article.
For any reuse or distribution, users must include the copyright notice and make clear to others that the article is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution license, linking to the relevant Creative Commons web page. Users may impose no restrictions on the use of the article other than those imposed by the Creative Commons Attribution license.
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the article is made available as is and without representation or warranties of any kind whether express, implied, statutory or otherwise and including, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors.
Main Article Content
changes in some urine parameters in vervet monkey model of trypanosomiasis: towards non‐invasive diagnosis of sleeping sickness
Abstract
The current diagnostic procedures for human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) are invasive. Urine being a non‐invasive sample could be an alternative to the current screening that is based on blood sampling and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This study was aimed at determining whether urine could be used in the diagnosis of sleeping sickness. Three vervet monkeys were infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b rhodesiense) while other three served as non‐infected controls. Urine samples were collected in plain 50 ml Falcon® at weekly intervals during early and late stage disease. Protein analysis in urine was done using the fortress protein assay kit. Analysis for pH, specific gravity and ketones was done using rapid test strips (ChoiceLine 10, Roche Germany). Genomic DNA was extracted using phenolchloroform method and the Serum resistant (SRA) gene amplified. There was a significant increase in total protein concentration on day14, 49, 56 and 63 postinfection (PI). Ketone, acidity and specific gravity levels in urine increased significantly (P<0.05) during the acute stage (days 7 and 14 PI). The changes in urine during infection may indicate damage to the glomerulus membrane. There was no amplification of trypanosome and this could be attributed to inhibitors in the urine (DNA degradation by nucleases and, high concentration of metal ions). This study suggests that changes in urine parameters could be used as biomarkers for early and late stage diagnosis of T.b.rhodesiense HAT and thus warrants further investigation.
