Lived Experiences of Adolescents with HIV in Rwanda: A Phenomenology Study

Abstract

Background
HIV is a chronic disease with a potentially negative impact on quality of life.
Globally, adolescents with HIV (AWH) face incredible challenges related to their
growth, social interactions, and well-being. The experiences and choices of AWH
in Rwanda are poorly known.
Objective
The current study explored the lived experiences of AWH in Rwanda using an
interpretive phenomenological approach.
Methods
A purposive and snowball sampling was used to recruit twenty AWH from five
health centers. A semi-structured interview guide was used to conduct in-depth
interviews from April to August 2022. All interviews were recorded, and field notes
were taken. The recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim, translated in
English, and analyzed using Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).
Results
Three main themes and nine subthemes emerged from data: burden of HIV
(existential crisis, experiences with stigma, keep it a secret), owning my story
(awareness of having HIV, making decisions) and successful living with HIV
(features of successful living, continuum of self-acceptance, behavioural impact,
social interaction).
Conclusion
The AWH face challenges related to HIV condition and develop strategies to
overcome challenges that hinder their well-being. Results provide valuable insights
that inform targeted interventions and support programs, ultimately promoting
the well-being of AWH.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci. 2024;7(1):63-78