Genetic analysis of yield in peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) using mixed model of major gene plus polygene

Abstract

A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population with 215 lines derived from a cross between a highly yield line Zheng8903 (female parent) and a variety Yuhua No.4 (male parent) was used in this research. The RILs population was grown in three environments to make a genetics analysis of yield from F₇ to F₉. Jointly segregating analysis was used to analyze the genetics of yield in the combination of Zheng8903 × Yuhua No.4 using the method of major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model. The results indicated that the optimum model of yield trait was two major genes plus polygenes mixed inheritance models and its expression could be greatly influenced by different environments. The heritability of major gene for the yield trait in the RILs was 70.73, 40.29 and 37.79% at Zhengzhou, Sanya and Yuanyang, respectively. The yield had significant major gene effect and the results implied that not only should the two major genes’ effects be considered but also the polygene’s effect should be considered in breeding to increase peanut yield.

Key words: Peanut, yield, major gene plus polygene inheritance model, genetic analysis.