Design and implementation of an IoT microcontroller power protection and control system

Abstract

Unstable power supply is a persistent challenge in Nigeria, necessitating effective voltage regulation solutions. This study presents the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based microcontroller voltage stabilizer for power protection and control. The system automatically detects abnormal voltage levels—low, high, and over-voltage conditions—and corrects them to maintain a stable output of approximately 220 volts. Using a microcontroller and the Blynk application, the device enables real-time wireless monitoring of voltage levels. Experimental tests confirmed that the device could regulate input voltages ranging from 140 V to 250 V, ensuring a consistent output voltage near 220 V. The proposed solution offers a reliable, cost-effective, and efficient alternative to commercial stabilizers and demonstrates minimal thermal risk during operation.