Self-Reported Fall-Related Injury and Its Associated Factors among Adults with Visual Impairment Attending St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Falls account for vast majority of fractures and are a significant reason for trauma related hospital admissions. The main aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of selfreported fall, related injuries, and associated factors among adult patients with visual impairment.
METHODS: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2021. Systematic random sampling technique was used. The data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPPS version 26 for analysis. Frequency, mean, and percentage, were used to summarize the descriptive data. The association between the outcome variable and explanatory variables was assessed using binary and multivariate logistic regressions. The adjusted odds ratio was calculated, and variables with a p-value below 0.05 at the 95% confidence interval (CI) were considered statistically significant.
RESULT: A total of 487 study participants were involved in this study with a response rate of 93.83%. The mean age of the study participants was 52 ± 16.26 years. The overall prevalence of selfreported fall was 36.1 %. Being female, being older than 64 years of age, rural residence, fear of falling, and blind stage of visual impairment were significantly associated with falling.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of self-reported fall was high among visually impaired individuals. Female sex, age more than 64 years, rural residence, fear of falling, and blind stage of visual impairment were significantly associated with falling. Reducing patients' chances of suffering from falling-related injuries and consequences requires raising awareness about the burden, danger, and effects of falling on persons who are visually impaired.