Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Development of Solid Waste Management in Kibugu, Embu County, Kenya

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to critically review the Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Development of Solid Waste Management in Kibugu, Embu County, Kenya using appropriate standard methods with off-line library and Online sources to harvest relevant data and information. The review data obtained reveals that only a small percentage of waste is disposed off appropriately. A focus on this is attributed to factors such as inadequate public awareness, lack of community participation, poor waste infrastructure, and resource scarcity. The review also highlights opportunities for innovative solutions such as biogas production, briquette manufacturing, vermiculture, and black soldier fly farming. Furthermore, this study reports the need for better community involvement, better policy enforcement, and the use of material recovery facilities. It also points out the presence of a high prevalence of organic and inorganic waste, as well as the inefficiencies of informal collection services and the inability to prioritize waste management projects within local governance frameworks. The SWOT analysis of the study shows the willingness of the community, resources, and the government to support solid waste management. The study recommends a multi-sectoral approach involving government, private sector, and community-driven initiatives. It also discusses strategies to improve waste management, environmental conservation, and public health. This aligns with broader climate adaptation and green economy goals therefore projecting sustainable development.