Assessment of LPG safety knowledge and handling by Autogas powered vehicle users

Abstract

The adoption of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as an alternative automotive fuel is growing in Ghana as part of the transition toward cleaner energy sources. However, most Autogas vehicles in the country are originally designed for gasoline and are often converted by unauthorised garages operating without regulatory oversight, raising significant safety concerns. Improper installations and a lack of adherence to basic LPG safety protocols pose serious risks to users and the public. This study assessed the safety knowledge and practices of 304 Autogas vehicle users across three towns in Ghana’s Western Region. Using a mixed methods approach, structured questionnaires explored five key areas: user experience, knowledge of LPG cylinders and safety requirements, cylinder usage practices, care and maintenance, and emergency preparedness. Findings revealed that 81.7 % of the vehicles had been converted to Autogas, with 91.3 % used commercially. Approximately 84.5 % of participants were unaware of the cylinder brand in their vehicles, and 99.0 % did not know the pressure test dates of their cylinders. Additionally, 85.5 % lacked knowledge of Autogas-related risks and safe handling practices, while 95.6 % of the vehicles were not equipped with gas leak detection systems. These results highlight critical safety gaps and underscore the urgent need for regulatory enforcement, routine inspections, and widespread driver education to ensure the safe and sustainable use of Autogas in Ghana.