Floods recurrence and effects on socio-economic livelihoods of communities in Dar Es Salaam region, Tanzania

Abstract

This paper assesses flood recurrence and effects on the socio-economic livelihoods of communities in Dar es Salaam Region, Tanzania. Limited studies conducted focused on the effects of the recurrence of floods but none on the socio-economic livelihoods of communities in Dar es Salaam Region. Specifically, this article examines the reasons for the recurrence of floods, determines the effects of floods on communities’ socio-economic livelihoods, and evaluates measures to mitigate the recurrence. The study conducted in Ubungo and Kinondoni Districts, employed mixed research methods to triangulate the information collected, whereby in-depth interviews, field observations, and household surveys were used for data collection. The study found that the recurrence of floods is a result of heavy rainfall, building in the drainage systems, impervious surfaces, disposing of waste in the drainages, and poor drainage systems. Effects of the floods include death, injuries, damage to properties, and diseases. Remedial measures for the recurrence of floods include enlargement of the drainages, frequent cleaning of the drainage systems, avoiding disposal of waste in the drainages and demolishing all buildings which obstruct the flow of water. The study recommends reinforcement of emergencies, preparedness, resettling people living in flood-prone areas, and acting on forecasts provided by the Meteorological Authority in the study area.