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Published:
May 5, 2026DOI:
10.4314/jpb.v23i2.5Keywords:
Article Details
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Main Article Content
Cost-effectiveness analysis of some medications used in the management of osteoarthritis
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease associated with pains, disability and attendant economic effects. This study determined the cost-effectiveness of some commonly prescribed OA medications. A descriptive consecutive study was conducted in the Orthopaedic and Rheumatology Departments of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. One hundred and twenty (120) patients diagnosed with OA were enrolled into four treatment groups of 30 patients each. Each group received diclofenac 100 mg tablets, celecoxib 200 mg capsules, tramadol 50 mg capsules and naproxen 500 mg tablets. Socio-demographic characteristics, OA severity, and prescribed medicines were documented using a structured questionnaire. Unit price of each medicine were used to estimate treatment cost. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, GraphPad Instat and Silver Decision. OA was predominant in female (30.8%), older (31.7%) and overweight (26.7%) or obese (55%) participants. Hypertension (45.8%) was the most prevalent comorbidity. Tramadol resulted in the greatest improvement (96.7%), while naproxen produced the least (53.3%) symptoms improvement. However, diclofenac and naproxen were found to be more cost-effective options. Although tramadol showed superior clinical response, diclofenac and naproxen offered better cost-effectiveness in managing knee OA, thereby underscoring the need to balance medication effectiveness with affordability.
