Evaluation of local ecological knowledge in mitigating human/wildlife conflicts for sustainable ecotourism in Idanre Forest Reserve Southwest Nigeria

Abstract

The human-wildlife conflict threatens conservation and livelihoods in Africa, necessitating innovative solutions. This study evaluates Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) in mitigating such conflicts, focusing on sustainable ecotourism in Idanre Forest Reserve, Southwest Nigeria. Data collection involved 150 questionnaires and interviews across three villages at distances of one, five, and ten kilometres from the forest. Data were analysed using SPSS statistical package version 27. The results show heavy dependence on forest resources, with 50% of respondents living there for less than ten years, mostly engaging in farming (55%) and hunting (38%). Gender imbalance is noted, with 73% male respondents, and 60% having only primary education. Economic challenges are clear, as 61% earn between ₦1,000 and ₦50,000 monthly. Respondents agree that LEK reduces human-wildlife conflicts (average rating 3.67). Traditional conflict resolution methods are rated highly (mean 3.77), but success stories of LEK application are less recognised (mean 3.21). The findings highlight the need to integrate LEK into wildlife management to support conservation and community resilience, advocating for training programs and improved documentation of traditional practices for sustainable ecotourism.