A case of child abuse complicated by postneonatal tetanus infection

Abstract

Background: Susceptibility to the tetanus infection is determined by the host immunity and the right environment for the pathogen to grow and elaborate it toxins. Non-intentional injury sustained from discipline or abuse inflicted by parents, siblings or caregivers using broom sticks can contribute to the increasing incidence of post neonatal tetanus in developing countries. 

Case presentation: We present a case of a 5-year old girl who presented with features of tetanus resulting from an innocuous broom stick puncture wound sustained from physical abuse and was successfully managed. This case highlight the need for thorough physical examination of patients, as salient findings could assist to unlock diagnostic challenges.

Conclusion: The occurrence of post neonatal tetanus following the use of broom stick to inflict non intentional injury in children is an emerging phenomenon that need to be given attention as it contributes significantly to the rising incidence of post neonatal tetanus in Nigeria. There is need to raise awareness and educate the public about the detrimental effects of using physical punishment or flogging children with a broom.