Vitamin D, calcium, and hematological levels in healthy Libyan subjects

Abstract

Vitamin D and calcium are essential micronutrients with critical roles in bone metabolism, immune regulation, and hematopoietic function. Deficiencies in these nutrients have been associated with anemia, impaired erythropoiesis, and platelet abnormalities. Despite their global clinical relevance, data from North African populations remain limited, particularly in Libya, where lifestyle and dietary factors may predispose individuals to suboptimal micronutrient status. This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the association between vitamin D and calcium levels and hematological parameters. A total of 85 Libyan adult participants were enrolled, and laboratory investigations were carried out. Serum vitamin D and calcium levels were measured using standardized biochemical assays, and hematological indices including hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, and platelet count were assessed using complete blood count. The study revealed a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and calcium deficiency among the participants. Deficient individuals exhibited significantly lower hemoglobin levels, altered red blood cell indices, and variable platelet counts compared to those with normal micronutrient status. Participants with combined vitamin D and calcium deficiency demonstrated more pronounced hematological disturbances than those with isolated deficiencies. Vitamin D and calcium deficiencies are prevalent in the studied population and appear to significantly affect hematological homeostasis. Incorporating routine monitoring and nutritional interventions into public health strategies may help prevent anemia and related hematological disorders.