Nanotechnology in water treatment and remediation in the last three years: a mini systematic review

Abstract

Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field focused on manipulating and engineering materials at the nanoscale. Innovative water treatment and remediation approaches are necessary due to the growing world population and worldwide need for clean water. Nanotechnology offers promising solutions for these problems. Applications of nanotechnology, using nanoparticles from magnetic materials, copper oxide (CuO) synthesized from natural products, maghemite, and metals, in water treatment and remediation have been reviewed in this study. The most recent developments in nanotechnology for water treatment and remediation from 2021 to 2023 on the ScienceDirect database were systematically studied adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Nanotechnology offers a range of benefits, such as reduced energy consumption, improved precision, and increased efficiency, all of which were explored. The study also underscored the challenges of nanotechnology for water treatment and remediation and briefly highlighted the regulation of this technology. Future water security may be possible using nanotechnology, which has the potential to transform remediation and water treatment methods.