Promotion and Continuation of Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Workplace: Experiences, Expectations, and Needs of Working Mothers in Kisangani City, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Abstract

Despite the well-known benefits of breastfeeding (protection against diseases, natural contraception, and cost savings), many mothers are forced to stop or reduce it due to work constraints. Rigid schedules, lack of support, and precarious working conditions often turn the workplace into an obstacle. To understand this reality, a descriptive and exploratory study, inspired by phenomenology, was conducted with sixteen mothers from the Makiso health zone in Kisangani through semi-structured interviews. Participants view exclusive breastfeeding as natural and essential up to six months. However, balancing motherhood and work requires compromises. Some reorganize their days, extend their leave, or advocate for solutions such as breastfeeding spaces. All strive to safeguard their baby’s health and maintain the mother-child bond without neglecting their professional responsibilities. Their expectations are clear: access to information, psychological and logistical support, appropriate facilities, flexible schedules, adjusted leave, legal protection, and above all, recognition of their dual role. The study highlights a persistent tension: the willingness to excel exists, but the necessary means are lacking. In practice, breastfeeding at work remains a daily struggle. This should not be an individual battle. Measures adapted to Kisangani’s local context are needed to support these mothers, invest in infant health, and strengthen family bonds. The findings provide guidance for public policies, workplace practices, and local actions that are more humane, effective, and sustainable.