Is this really what women want? An analysis of <i>Fifty Shades of Grey</i> and modern feminist thought

Abstract

The article briefly presents a paradox generated by the unprecedented sales of the Fifty Shades of Grey trilogy by E.L. James and explores some pros and cons of this new literary genre (‘erotic fiction’), while examining the discourse of polarised reactions thereto. Attention is given to Freud’s unanswered question, cited in the context of the difficulties associated with defining women’s roles as relative to those of men. This context reflects the patriarchal basis of political structures that have been grounded in the accepted subordination of women. The origins of feminism were driven by these political concerns and will be used as perspectives from which to understand the ‘Fifty Shades’ phenomenon. ‘First wave’ feminism succeeded in instantiating some public-legal equality for women and gave rise to the ‘second wave’ that sought to address inequality between the sexes in all areas of social interaction. However, both did not succeed in eradicating troublesome patriarchal stereotypes that persist today. The well-publicised anti-pornography movement is considered for initiating wide-ranging discussions regarding the sexual role of women. This produced a strong reaction from the so-called ‘third wave’, which embraces an alternative sex-positive stance. The reception of ‘Fifty Shades’ has drawn into question the problem that readers of ‘erotic fiction’ may indulge in fantasies that seem incompatible with the feminist ethical ideal of recognising women’s true value. The possible reasons for the success of the ‘Fifty Shades’ sales are investigated, with suggestions offered as to why this particular series has made an indelible mark on contemporary popular culture.

South African Journal of Philosophy 2014, 33(2): 223–233