Effect of Nutrient Formulations on Permeation of Proteins and Lipids through Porcine Intestine In vitro

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of nutrient formulations on the permeation of proteins and lipids through porcine intestine in vitro.

Method: In vitro permeation studies of proteins and lipids of two peptide-based formulations, composed of various compounds and sources of hydrolyzed protein was carried out, and compared with a conservative polymeric formulation as control, The test was undertaken using Franz diffusion cell apparatus incorporating porcine intestine.

Results: The peptide-based formulation demonstrated higher protein absorption than the conservative polymeric one. However, there were some differences in protein absorption rates between the peptide based formulations obtained from various sources. Formulation A with 1.0 and 1.5 kcal/mL exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) higher cumulative protein permeation (11.97 ± 0.23 and 12.54 ± 0.94 μg/cm²) than formulations B (9.41 ± 0.36 and 9.67 ± 0.35 μg/cm²) and C (8.34 ± 0.56 and 8.61 ± 0.71 μg/cm²), respectively. Lipid permeation from formulations A and B (13.91 ± 0.26 and 12.94 ± 0.59 μg/cm² respectively for 1.0 kcal/mL formulation, and 13.31 ± 0.21 and 12.86 ± 0.16 for 1.5 kcal/mL formulation) which consist mainly of medium chain triglycerides (MCTs), were significantly (p <0.05) higher than those from formulation C (11.49 ± 0.43 and 12.62 ± 0.38 μg/cm² for 1.0 and 1.5 kcal/mL formulation, respectively) which mostly contained long chain triglycerides (LCTs).

Conclusion: The results reveal that oligomeric formulations have higher absorption rate than polymeric formulations. However, the outcomes when administered to clinically ill patients need to be investigated.

Keywords: Nutrient Formulations, Permeation, Proteins, Lipids, Porcine Intestine, Medium Chain Triglycerides, Long Chain Triglycerides