Gamellia sinensis O.Ktze extract shows anti-colorectal cancer activity via MAPK/ERK signaling pathway
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Gamellia sinensis O.Ktze extract (GSOE) on colorectal cancers, as well as the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: The effect of GSOE on colorectal cancer cells HCT-116 or Caco-2 growth was tested, and then the apoptosis and invasion was analyzed by MTT, flow cytometry and Transwell assay in vitro. Next, the mice received three doses (200, 400 or 800 mg/kg/day, gastric perfusion) of GSOE to evaluate its effects on tumor growth. Lung metastasis in mouse xenograft models which were inoculated with HCT-116 or Caco-2 cells were also investigated. The expression of p-ERK and p-MEK were evaluated by western blot analysis in HCT-116 and Caco-2 cells with or without GSOE treatment in vitro.
Result: GSOE significantly inhibited colorectal cancer cell growth and induced apoptosis or cell cycle arrest at G1- and S-phases in HCT-116 cells and Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, GSOE effectively retarded tumor cell migration and invasion through ERK/MAPK signaling pathway suppression.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that GSOE has an anti-tumor effect in colorectal cancer by inactivating ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.
Keywords: Gamellia sinensis O.Ktze, Colorectal cancer, Invasion, Apoptosis, Cell cycle arrest ERK, MAPK
Submission of a manuscript to this journal is a representation that the manuscript has not been published previously and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
All authors named in each manuscript would be required to sign a form (to be supplied by the Editor) so that they may retain their copyright in the article but to assign to us (the Publishers) and its licensees in perpetuity, in all forms, formats and media (whether known or created in the future) to (i) publish, reproduce, distribute, display and store the contribution, (ii) translate the contribution into other languages, create adaptations, reprints, include within collections and create summaries, extracts and/or abstracts of the contribution, (iii) create any other derivative works(s) based on the contribution, (iv) to exploit all subsidiary rights in the contribution, (v) the inclusion of electronic links from the contribution to third party material where-ever it may be located, and (vi) license any thrid party to do any or all of the above.
