Serum levels of Cardiac troponin I, creatine kinase in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hytpertensive co-mobidity in Uduth, Sokoto State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) are co-morbid conditions that may predispose to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the serum levels of Cardiac troponin I and creatine kinase in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and Hypertension.

Materials and methods: A case -control study was conducted at Department of Medicine, endocrinology unit of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, from June 2015 to February 2016. A total of 180 subjects were recruited for the study and categorized into three groups. 60 patients diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension, 60 patients diagnosed with diabetes and 60 apparently healthy individuals were included in this study. Blood specimens were collected and processed from all group participants. Serum cardiac troponin I (CTnI) was analyzed using ELISA method, total Creatine Kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) was measured using IFCC reference procedure and plasma fasting plasma glucose levels were measured using enzymatic glucose oxidase method.

Results: Twenty three 23(19%) of the subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus studied had increased CTnI levels above the 99th percentile (1.3ng/mL). Significant increase in CTnI was observed among participants with DM and HTN co-morbidity. In addition, the diabetic groups had significantly increase levels of total CK and CK-MB (p=0.001) compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, a strong positive correlation existed between CTnI, total CK and CK-MB (r-value 0.450, 0.569, p<0.01), and with CTnI and FPG (rvalue 0.160, p<0.05).

Conclusion: The study suggests increased levels of CTnI and CKMB above safe values which may be a pointer to silent myocardial injury.

Key words: Cardiac troponin I; Creatine kinase; Diabetes mellitus; Hypertension.