ABO blood group phenotypes in patients with breast and cervical cancers in a tertiary care hospital in Kaduna, North Western Nigeria

Abstract

Back ground: ABO blood type has been observed in previous studies to be associated with the risk of certain diseases, including pancreatic and gastric cancer.
Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the possible relationships between ABO blood groups and cancer of the breast and cervix and to ascertain if any of the ABO blood groups is associated with the risk of developing breast or cervical cancer
Materials and Methods: This study considered (155) cases of breast cancer and (150) cases of cervical cancer patients, these patients samples were serologically ABO confirmed. A group of(151) apparently healthy females blood donors were also grouped and serve as controls
Result: overall distribution of ABO blood groups were compared between patients with cancer of the breast and cervical cancers, respectively. The results were (26.5% A, 16.8% B, 0% AB and 56.7% O) for breast cancer, and for cancer of the cervix were (38.7%A, 23.3% B, 2% AB, 36% O) and control (25.2% A, 20.5% B, 7.3% AB, 47% O), respectively. Chi-square, at 95% degree of freedom shows that X² = 13.42 for cancer of the breast with P < 0.05 and X² = 15.38 for cancer of the cervix with P< 0.05.
Conclusion and Recommendation: In conclusion, subjects with O blood type were found to be higher in breast cancer, while A blood type were predominate in cervical cancer and suggesting a strong association between cancer of the breast and cervix and ABO blood group. Therefore, subjects with blood types O and A may likely develops breast and cervical cancers.