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Apr 30, 2025Keywords:
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The effect of Tetraiodothyronine hormone levels on miscarriage rate and pregnancy complications among women in Thi-Qar City, Iraq
Abstract
Objective: Although previous studies have demonstrated an association between tetraiodothyronine (T4) levels and miscarriage risk, regional data from Thi-Qar City remain limited. This study investigates the relationship between T4 levels and miscarriage rates among pregnant women in Thi-Qar, thereby providing novel insights into the local influence of thyroid function on pregnancy outcomes.
Methods: This study included singleton pregnant women aged 18–40 attending antenatal clinics. Exclusion criteria were pre-existing thyroid disorders, multiple pregnancies, chromosomal abnormalities, or medical conditions affecting pregnancy outcomes. Clinical assessments covered maternal demographics, medical and obstetric history, and anthropometric measurements. Serum T4 levels were measured in the first trimester. Participants were followed throughout pregnancy, and miscarriage rates were compared between women with normal and abnormal T4 levels. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results: Among 110 pregnant women, those who miscarried (n=23) had significantly lower T4 levels (P < 0.001) than those who did not have miscarriages (n=87). No significant differences in demographic data were found between the groups. However, nausea and vomiting were significantly higher in the miscarriage group (P = 0.008, 0.01). Miscarriage rates (43.3%) and vaginal bleeding (63.3%) were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the group with lower T4 levels.
Conclusion: This study highlights a possible link between low T4 levels and increased miscarriage risk. Understanding thyroid hormones’ role in pregnancy may guide clinical strategies to reduce miscarriage rates and enhance maternal-foetal health. Further research is essential to improve obstetric care and pregnancy outcomes.
