Health Risk Assessment of Radiation Exposure to Radionuclides In Quarry Soil at Dawakin-Kudu Kano, Nigeria

Abstract

Advancements in global development heavily rely on innovation, with technology serving as a vital tool for achieving progress. However,  sustainable development cannot be realized without prioritizing public health and environmental safety. This study investigates the  potential health risks posed to the public by natural radionuclides present in quarry soil from Dawakin-Kudu, Kano, Nigeria. Using gamma-ray spectrometry and a Sodium Iodide (NaI (Tl)) detector, the activity concentrations of radionuclides, including 226Ra, 232Th,  and 40K, were measured. The findings revealed elevated levels of natural radioactivity in the soil, with activity concentrations ranging  from 226Ra: 42.41±1.73 Bqkg^-1 – 65.24±1.92 Bqkg^-1, 232Th: 114.61±1.25 Bqkg^-1 – 182.71±1.44 Bqkg^-1, 40K: 321.93±3.55 Bqkg^-1 – 597.51±3.81 Bqkg^-1. Radiological hazard assessments showed values below the safety limits recommended by UNSCEAR. Despite this,  prolonged exposure may render the area unsafe for residents, underscoring the need for continuous monitoring of radioactivity levels to  mitigate long-term environmental health risks.