Studies on the potentials of some selected plant extracts against oocyst formation in the mid-gut of female Anopheles gambiae s. l

Abstract

Mosquitoes are of major public health concern since they are important disease vectors. This research aimed to evaluate the potential of some selected plant extracts using solvents of different polarity against oocyst formation in the mid gut of female Anopheles gambiae s.l. Plants materials were obtained from Goron-maje ward, Dambatta LGA, Kano State Nigeria. Healthy leaves of Alyosia
citrodora, Ximenia amaericana, and Combrethum micrantum were extracted using soxhlet and maceration techniques with ethanol, methanol and ethyl-acetate solvents. Mosquitoes were reared with the use of standard techniques. One hundred and fifty (150) female adults’ mosquitoes were used and each was placed into four (4) different insectary containing different concentrations 100, 200 300
ppm with a control for each. Mosquitoes were dissected using standard procedure. The mid-gut was detached from thorax and then stained for oocyst count. Results shows that the oocyst density of female An. gambiae was lower with (5%) at 300 ppm of X. Americana for methanol, whereas ethanol and ethyl-acetate extracts of C. micranthum, X. americana, and A. citrodora inhibited low oocyst
density by 10%, 5%, and 15% at 200 ppm using maceration method of extraction. The oocyst density seen was found to be lower at 300 ppm of X. americana using soxhlet extraction while ethanol and ethyl-acetate extracts of C. micranthum, X. americana and A. citrodora was found to inhibit lower oocyst density 10%, 5% and 15% at 200 ppm using maceration respectively. This study revealed that
these plants extracts have remarkably effects in control of oocyst development in mid-gut of female An. gambiae s.l.