The geochemistry and geotechnical analysis of the Yolde formation from Demsa and environs, Yola arm of the Northern Benue Trough, North Eastern Nigeria

Abstract

This research is aim at determining the geochemistry and geotechnical properties for clay deposits from the Yolde Formation in Demsa and Environs. The research locality falls within latitudes 9'15'0 "to 9'27 "N and longitude 12' 06′0"to 12'20' 0"E, with aerial extent of about 144 km². The research was carried out in two phases; field mapping, and laboratory analysis. The field exercise encompasses; logging and taking measurement of bedding attitude of sedimentary rock from the outcrop sections, snapping the rock exposures, taking samples, and recording GPS cordinatess of sampling points. This was followed by laboratory work, the samples were analyzed with the aid of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for understanding the geochemical composition of the clay samples, while the physical parameters of the clay were determined with the aid of Atterberg limit method. the average concentration of Silica in the
clay of the Yolde Formation is 69.11%, and that of iron oxide is 4.78%, while that of Alumina is low with average concentration of 21.21%. Further, the remaining major oxide; CaO, MgO, MnO, TiO2, etc. were also observed as well. However, the result ofthe geotechnical analysis revealed that the average concentration of silica to be 69.11% while iron oxide 4.78% and low water absorption, low plasticity index respectively the concentration of the iron oxides unsuitability of the clay to be use as raw material for refractory fired clays and manufacturing of high-grade ceramic products, but the clays can be used for burnt bricks and traditional ceramics production.