Article Sidebar
Published:
May 27, 2026Keywords:
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Open access articles published in the Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology are under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) License which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The CC BY license permits commercial and non-commercial re-use of an open-access article, as long as the author is properly attributed.
Copyright on any research article published in the Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology is retained by the author(s). The authors grant the Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology with a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
Use of the article in whole or in part in any medium requires proper citation as follows:
Title of Article, Names of the Author, Year of Publication, Journal Title, Volume (Issue) and page. Links to the final article on the JSRE website are encouraged.
The Creative Commons Attribution License does not affect any other rights held by authors or third parties in the article, including without limitation the rights of privacy and publicity. Use of the article must not assert or imply, whether implicitly or explicitly, any connection with, endorsement or sponsorship of such use by the author, publisher or any other party associated with the article.
For any reuse or distribution, users must include the copyright notice and make clear to others that the article is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution license, linking to the relevant Creative Commons web page. Users may impose no restrictions on the use of the article other than those imposed by the Creative Commons Attribution license.
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the article is made available as is and without representation or warranties of any kind whether express, implied, statutory or otherwise and including, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors.
Main Article Content
Baseline profile of adults living with type 2 diabetes enrolled in a dietary intervention study in a hospital in Kenya
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a health burden globally and locally, with rising prevalence and complications that impact healthcare systems and individual quality of life. Understanding the profile of individuals living with T2D can inform clinical and dietary interventions.This crosssectional analysis formed part of a broader dietary interventions study among adults living with T2D. The study involved 32 participants selected using convenience sampling from the diabetes clinic at Gatundu Level V Hospital in Kiambu County, Kenya. The participants were predominantly female (70%), aged between 45–54 years (43.3%).The mean Body Mass Index was 27.4±4.3 kg/m², with the majority being overweight (40.0%) or obese (26.7%). Mean waist hip ratio was 0.93±0.07 in females and 0.97±0.07 in males. Mean waist circumference was 96.5± 9 and 96.2±12 among males and females, respectively. Mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 9.8 ± 2.6% and fasting blood glucose at 10.6 ± 2.8 mmol/L. All the participants were on oral hypoglycemics, with over half (53.3%) receiving Metformin monotherapy, while 43.3% were on combined therapies, mostly Metformin and Sulfonylurea. Only 60% reported adherance to prescribed medications. Hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity affecting 60% of the participants, and blood pressure was poorly controlled with mean systolic and diastolic pressures of 142.8 ± 15.4 and 84.7 ± 8.5 mmHg, respectively. About 70% of participants reported moderate levels of stress, and physical activity assessment showed that 26.7% of participants were insufficiently active, while 73.3% achieved sufficient activity levels.The study highlights significant gaps in management of T2D, including inadequate weight control, central obesity, and poor glycemic control among majority of the participants. The use of combined therapies suggests disease progression and health system constrains, and although most participants adhered to oral hypoglycemics, high medication costs posed a barrier to optimal care. There is need for integrated, patient-centred care models.
