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Published:
Dec 2, 2023DOI:
10.4314/jdan.v13i2.3Keywords:
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Main Article Content
Energy and nutrient composition of bambara groundnut (Vigna substarranea) enriched pap
Abstract
Background: Complementary foods produced from cereals alone are usually deficient in some essential nutrients. Combining cereals and legumes to produce complementary foods has been shown to enhance their nutrient composition.
Objective: The study aims to evaluate the energy and nutrient composition of Vigna subterranea-enriched pap.
Methods: Maize grains, bambara groundnut, and granulated sugar were purchased at Ubani market in Umuahia, Abia State. The flours were produced using standard methods; blend formulation was based on protein content. The proximate compositions of the products were evaluated using AOAC methods. Minerals were determined using wet-acid digestion. The energy value of each nutrient was obtained by multiplying the nutrient value by its Atwater factor (4, 4, and 9 for protein, carbohydrate, and lipid, respectively). Energy density was calculated by dividing the total energy value by 100. The data generated were analyzed using Statistical Product for Service Solution version 20. Means were separated and compared with the Duncan multiple range test and Analysis of Variance. Significance was accepted at p < 0.05.
Results: Protein values ranged between 2.21% and 6.70%, with protein content in bambara groundnut-enriched maize pap samples significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the protein content of 100% maize pap (2.21%). Fat (1.00%–1.47%) and crude fiber (0.60%–1.83%), fat energy value (9.0–13.23 kcal/100g), protein energy value (15.20–26.8 kcal/100g), and total energy densities (177.28–186.91 kcal/100g) were also significantly higher in bambara groundnut-enriched maize pap. All the analyzed minerals increased with an increase in the quantity of the supplement.
Conclusion: Protein, calcium, iron, zinc, and nutrient density increased with an increase in bambara groundnut flour. Supplementing pap with 40% bambara groundnut was observed to meet over 100% of the protein Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) for children aged 6–12 months old.
