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Published:
Oct 29, 2026DOI:
10.4314/mejs.v18i2.3Keywords:
Article Details
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Main Article Content
Effect of Varying Dietary Protein Levels on the Concentration of Some Essential and Non-essential Metals in Catla catla
Abir Ishtiaq
Muhammad Naeem
Abstract
To investigate the concentration of macroelements (Na and K), microelements (Fe and Zn), and toxic heavy metals (Cd and Pb), fish samples of Catla catla were collected from the various treatments fed artificial fish feed containing 15, 20, 25, and 30% crude protein in T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, under a polyculture system for 180 days. Elemental concentrations in the fish samples were determined using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Mean Na, K, Fe and Zn concentrations (µgg-1) in wet body weight of C. catla were ranged 379.44 -396.78, 237.89 - 262.71, 58.58 - 95.05 and 14.47 -16.55 µgg-1 in different treatments. Cd and Pb were found below detectable limits in the body of C. catla in all studied treatments. Analyzed metal concentrations were found to be lower than the permissible limits proposed by different international organizations (FAO and WHO). For all studied treatments, the metal concentrations increased in the order: Cd=Pb<Zn<Fe<K<Na in the present work. An elevated trend was noticed among the essential metals, and a decreased trend among the nonessential metals was observed in the fish. Potassium concentrations in the whole body of C. catla showed differences (p < 0.05); however, iron, sodium, and zinc concentrations showed no significant difference among the studied treatments. Moreover, the size of the fish was found to be significantly correlated with Na and K, while remaining constant with Fe and Zn concentrations. Overall, various protein levels in fish feed do not have considerable effects on C. catla when reared in a polyculture system.
