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Studies on Performances of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as Affected by Poultry Manure and Oil Palm Bunch Ash in the Humid Rainforest Zone of Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
Abstract
A field research on agronomic performances of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) as affected by poultry manure and oil palm bunch ash in the humid rainforest zone of Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria was conducted at Eastern Farm of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike during 2020 and 2021 cropping seasons. It was a 2 x 3 x 4 factorial arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three times. Factor A comprised two groundnut varieties. (SAMNUT 21 and SAMNUT 24). Factor B comprised poultry manure rates (0, 10, and 15 tha-1), while Factor C comprised the oil palm bunch as rates of 0, 10. 15 and 20 tha-l. The results of the research showed that the number of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, and shoot dry weight per plant for variety, poultry manure, and oil palm bunch ash increased at 4 and 8 Weeks after planting (WAP) and declined at 12 WAP due to the effect of senescence. SAMNUT 24 recorded higher number of leaves of 257.9 (2020) and 272.4 (2021), higher leaf area per plant of 1637.3 (2020) d 2157.6 (2021) as well as higher shoot dry weight of 24.0(g) (2020) and 50.3(g) (2021) at 8 W compared with SAMNUT 21 with lower values although both varieties recorded higher growth values at 8 WAP. These growth indices equally increased with the rates of organic fertilizers, with 15 tha-l of poultry manure and 20 tha-l of oil palm bunch ash producing the highest values, respectively, compared with 0 tha-l with the lowest values. Variety SAMNUT 24 also gave higher yield values of SAMNUT 21, while 15 tha-l of poultry manure and 20 th-1 of oil palm bunch ash gave the highest number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, and seed yield (kg ha-l) compared with the control. Consequently, SAMNUT 24, as well as poultry manure and oil palm bunch rates of 15 tha-l and 20 tha-l, respectively, are recommended for the sole cultivation of groundnut in the ecological zone.
