Evaluating the protective impact of Mucuna pruriens on lipid profile of albino rats exposed to potassium dichromate

Abstract

Lipid metabolism is essential for maintaining cellular energy balance and overall metabolic health. However, exposure to environmental pollutants such as potassium dichromate disrupts lipid homeostasis, contributing to dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular risk. This study investigates the protective potential of Mucuna pruriens, a medicinal plant rich in bioactive compounds, against potassium dichromate-induced dyslipidemia in albino rats. Twenty male albino rats were divided into four groups: a control group (CN), 2 ml of potassium dichromate (Cr)-treated group, 2 ml of Cr + 0.5 ml of Mucuna pruriens (Mp) treated groups and 0.75 ml of Mucuna pruriens-treated groups. Biochemical analyses were conducted on days 7 and 14 to evaluate total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), LDL/HDL ratio, and Coronary Risk Index (CRI). Results indicated that potassium dichromate exposure led to increased TC, LDL, and TG levels, along with a decrease in HDL. Mucuna pruriens supplementation demonstrated dose-related lipid- modulating effects, with the 2 ml of Cr + 0.5 ml of Mp group showing significant improvements in HDL levels, LDL/HDL ratio, and CRI. The 0.75 ml of Mp exhibited a modest reduction in TC and LDL levels. These findings highlight Mucuna pruriens as a promising natural intervention for mitigating heavy metal-induced metabolic disruptions.