Influence of the Partial Sand Replacement with Crumb Rubber in Masonry Blocks

Abstract

This study used rubber crumbs conforming to ASTM D5603 and D5644 specifications, which were sourced from Fagor LGA, Kano State, Nigeria.  Adhere to BS standard specifications, using a 1:4 mix ratio and a 0.5 water-to-cement ratio, batching and mixing took place. According to BS 1881  Part II 1983, at 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% displacement, the compressive strengths of the test blocks on day 7 and day 28 were 3.40, 3.00, 2.73, and 2.51  N/mm², respectively, and 5.21, 4.19, 3.73 and 3.46 N/mm². The values obtained were all within the acceptable strength range required for the  blocks, i.e., the average compressive strength of the medium, medium weight, hollow, or solid concrete blocks ranged from 2.5 N/mm² to 7.5  N/mm². At the replacement rates of 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%, the weights of the test blocks at seven days were: 1629.7, 1591.9, 1551.9, and 1469.9 kg,  respectively. Likewise, on day 28, the body weights became 1575.1 kg, 1476.9 kg, 1366.7 kg, and 1297.6 kg at replacement rates of 0%, 3%, 6%, and  9%, respectively. Both results show that the weight of the block is significantly reduced at reduced cost and sufficient strength. Therefore, waste  rubber chips can replace expensive sand and gravel aggregates.