Evaluation of nutritional status and factors contributing to malnutrition in children aged 6 to 59 months in the Luiza Health Zone, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Abstract

Introduction

This study assesses the nutritional status of children aged 6 to 59 months in the Luiza Health Zone of the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Purpose

The main objective was to evaluate the nutritional situation of children aged 6 to 59 months. Specific objectives included determining the rate of acute malnutrition, identifying different forms of malnutrition, and analysing which age groups and sexes are most affected.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from February 15 to 18, 2025, using systematic random sampling. Data were collected from 915 children aged 6 to 59 months, measuring between 65 cm and 110 cm, in randomly selected households in the Luiza Health Zone. Data collection tools included a data collection form, pen, scale, height board, and MUAC tape. Data entry was performed using Excel 2019, and analysis was conducted with Epi Info.

Results

The study found a concerning nutritional status among children in the Luiza Health Zone. Gender distribution included 516 females (56%) and 399 males (44%). Age groups comprised 391 children (42.73%) aged 6–23 months and 524 children (57.27%) aged 24–59 months. Regarding nutritional status, 660 children (72.13%) were in good nutritional condition, 163 (17.81%) suffered from moderate acute malnutrition, and 92 (10.05%) had severe acute malnutrition. Edematous severe acute malnutrition accounted for 1.42%. The overall prevalence of malnutrition was 26.45%.

Conclusion

The prevalence of malnutrition in all its forms remains alarmingly high among children aged 6 to 59 months in the Luiza Health Zone.