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Community-based elderly care approaches implemented in low and middle-income countries: A scoping review Approches communautaires de soins aux personnes âgées mis en oeuvre dans les pays à revenu faible et moyen : un examen de la portée
M. Haufiku-Weyulu
Abstract
Introduction: Globally, the average lifespan has become prolonged in recent years. Strong community-based care services (CBCS) are imperative to maintain the health of older persons when family care falls short. Data on the health and care of older persons in low—and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Namibia are scarce. The review aimed to map the available evidence on CBC approaches implemented in LMICs.
Methodology: The review followed the 2022 Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) manual for Evidence Synthesis. Rayyan cloud-based software was used to organize, manage, and remove duplicates. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) were utilized to convey the review's results.
Results: The final analysis included 22 articles. Households with older people need extra income to maintain a similar living standard to those without. LMICs face challenges in building comprehensive and sustainable frameworks to support the older population, struggle to provide adequate pensions, have a significant shortage of skilled geriatrics, and rely on informal caregivers as care homes and primary health care systems are insufficient.
Conclusion: As the challenge of population aging intensifies, strengthening CBC approaches is essential, given that most older persons prefer to age at home rather than in facilities.
Introduction : À l.échelle mondiale, l'espérance de vie moyenne s'est allongée ces dernières années. Des services de soins de proximité performants sont indispensables pour préserver la santé des personnes âgées lorsque les soins familiaux sont insuffisants. Les données sur la santé et les soins des personnes âgées dans les pays à revenu faible et intermédiaire (PRFI) comme la Namibie sont rares. Cette revue visait à recenser les données disponibles sur les approches de soins de proximité mises en oeuvre dans les PRFI.
Méthode de l'étude : L'analyse a suivi le manuel de synthèse des données probantes de 2022 du Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Le logiciel cloud Rayyan a été utilisé pour organiser, gérer et supprimer les doublons. Les éléments de rapport préférés pour la revue systématique et l'extension de méta-analyse pour les revues de portée (PRISMA-ScR) ont été utilisés pour présenter les résultats de l'analyse.
Résultat de l'étude : L'analyse finale comprenait 22 articles. Les ménages comptant des personnes âgées ont besoin de revenus supplémentaires pour maintenir un niveau de vie similaire à celui des ménages sans personnes âgées. Les pays à revenu faible ou intermédiaire (PRFI) ont du mal à mettre en place des cadres complets et durables pour soutenir la population âgée, peinent à fournir des pensions adéquates, connaissent une pénurie importante de gériatres qualifiés et dépendent des aidants informels, car les maisons de retraite et les systèmes de soins de santé primaires sont insuffisants.
Conclusion : Alors que le défi du vieillissement de la population s'intensifie, le renforcement des approches de CBC est essentiel, étant donné que la plupart des personnes âgées préfèrent vieillir à domicile plutôt que dans des établissements.
