PREVALENCE AND ANTIBACTERIAL RESISTANCE PROFILE OF Escherichia coli AND Klebsiella species ISOLATES OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION TO COMMON ANTIBIOTICS

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused mainly by both Gram positive and negative bacteria including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species. Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria is increasing worldwide and has become a major public health concern that requires global attention.  In order to promote better treatment outcome of UTI and increase awareness of antibiotic resistance, this study was conducted among UTI patients of Barau Dikko teaching hospital Kaduna to determine the prevalence and analyze the antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species to common antibiotics being used for their treatment. Result from this study shows the prevalence of Escherichia coli to be 75% while Klebsiella species was 59.85%. Escherichia coli was resistance to the common antimicrobial drugs like Chloramphenicol 30µg (100%), Septrin (30µg)(100%), Sparfloxacin (10µg)(43%) Gentamycin 30µg (60%), Ciprofloxacin 30µg (40%), Pefloxacin (30µg)(55%), Augumentin (10µg)(100%), Amoxacillin (30µg)(100%), Streptomycin (30µg)(10%) and  Tarivid (10µg)(80%). Klebsiella species was resistant to Chloramphenicol 30µg (60%), Septri (30µg)(100%), Sparfloxacin (10µg) (25%), Ciprofloxacin 30µg (65%), Pefloxacin (30µg)(50%), Augumentin (10µg)(100%), Amoxacillin (30µg)(30%), Streptomycin (30µg)(30%) and  Tarivid (10µg)(100%). Both uropathogens analysed had P-values less than 0.05 indicating that their resistance to antibiotics is statistically significant. The occurrence of bacterial Urinary tract infection with a higher resistance rate for commonly used antimicrobials leaves the clinicians with very few options to choose drugs used for empirical treatment of UTIs. Therefore, there is the need for scientists to put more efforts in exploring alternative drugs or herbs to tackle UTI infection effectively.