About the Journal

JOURNAL POLICIES

The Journal

The NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) is published by El Jiboh Center for social Science Research and listed in African Journal Online (AJOL) and indexed in recognised data bases including google scholar. It is a professional and academic discussion and research in social development related issues across the globe. The Journal has made novel and significant contributions to the field of social development policies. The publication frequency is six times a year (January, March, May, July, September, and November).

Peer Review Process

NG Journal of Social Development uses double-blind review system. The reviewers’ identities remain anonymous to authors, and the reviewers’ do not know the authors’ identities. Two external reviewers and one internal editor charged with the responsibility of reviewing submissions.

Open Access Policy

NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) provides open access to its contents considering the fact that making research output freely available to the public promotes global exchange of knowledge. To support the global exchange of knowledge, NGJSD follows an Open Access Policy and is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 international Licence (CC By 4.0) .

The Journal became Open Access in the year 2015.

Licensing Policy

NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) is committed to open access and follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence (CC BY 4.0) to ensure the widest possible dissemination and reuse of published research.

Under this licence:

Authors retain full copyright and publishing rights over their work
Anyone is free to read, download, copy, distribute, print, link to, and reuse the published content for any lawful purpose, including commercial use, provided that proper attribution is given to the original authors and the journal.
Users must provide a citation to the original work and link to the licence.

By submitting and publishing in NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD), authors agree to this licencing policy, ensuring maximum visibility and accessibility of their research.

Conflict of Interest Policy

The Editorial board avoids conflict of interest in paper publications that may affect the interpretation of results and the assessment by the reviewers. In case of any potential conflict of interest, the author(s) shall provide clear statement about bearing the responsibility. Authors should disclose the possible conflicts of interest that can influence the decision about the publication of their manuscript. Manuscripts should not be considered by editorial board for review if competing interest arise from the collaborative or competitive connections of any of the author or institutions.

Archiving Policy

NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) is committed to long-term preservation and accessibility of its published contents. As an open access journal, NGJSD allows authors to self- archive their accepted and published papers in personal, institutional and subject-based repositories without restrictions.

Authors also retain full copyright over their work and may deposit, pre-print, share preprints in repositories before submission to NGJSD. Also authors are at liberty to post -print accepted manuscript immediately upon acceptance in institutional or public repositories. The published PDF is freely shared immediately after publication on repositories, libraries, and personal websites.

Ethics and Malpractice Policy

The following ethics and malpractice statements of the NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) are based on COPE’s Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors. Anyone (authors, chief editor, and members of the editorial board, reviewers, and publisher) involved in the publishing process is required to comply with the set code of conduct. The publication of an article in the NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) is subject to formal peer review by one of the editors and at least two independent reviewers who are experts in the field.

General Procedure & Decision Process

The EIC is responsible for deciding whether an article submitted to the NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) should be published or not. The editor may be guided by the policies of the journal, the recommendation of the editorial board, and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism.

Confidentiality (Editors and Editorial Staff)

The Editor and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest (Editors)

Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in an editor’s research without the written consent of the author.

Fairness

An editor at any time evaluates manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors.

Duties of Reviewers: Peer Review

The peer review reports would guide the editorial team in making decisions and may assist the authors in improving the quality of the paper.

Duties of Reviewers: Promptness

Once agreed, the referee would try to submit the review report on the manuscript within the set timeframe. In case of any adverse circumstances, the referee should notify the editor and suggest any alternative.

Duties of Reviewers: Confidentiality

The reviewers must maintain the confidentiality of every manuscript, and may not be shown to, or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.

Duties of Reviewers: Citation of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant published works cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor’s attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.

Duties of Reviewers: Conflict of Interest

Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.

Duties of Authors: Reporting Standards

Authors who submit original research articles in the NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) should present an accurate account of the work performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behaviour and are unacceptable.

Duties of Authors: Data Access and Retention

Authors should provide the raw data used in the paper for editorial review, and should be prepared to provide public access to such data (consistent with the ALPSP-STM Statement on Data and Databases), if practicable, and should, in any event, be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication.

Duties of Authors: Originality

The authors must ensure that the paper is written based on original research works, and appropriately quote or cite the work of other authors. No author should publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or paper, or submit the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently.

Duties of Authors: Role of Authors

Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included in the paper and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.

Duties of Authors: Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects

If the work involves chemicals, procedures, or equipment that have any unusual hazards inherent in their use, the author must identify these in the manuscript.

Duties of Authors: Acknowledgements

All authors should acknowledge in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed. Any significant assistance at any stage of the research from colleagues who are not co-authors should be acknowledged.

Duties of Authors: Errors in Published Works

Authors are solely responsible for any errors in the published paper. When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, the author must promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.

Ethics Statement

Purpose, Scope, and Policy Framework

These Ethics Statement establish the publisher-wide standards of research integrity and publication ethics for NG Journal of Social Development. They apply to authors, editors, editorial-board members, guest editors, reviewers, journal staff, the publisher, and other participants in the publication process. They apply to all published content, including regular articles, invited content, special issues, supplements, editorials, corrections, and other notices.

NG Journal of Social Development is guided by the current COPE Code of Conduct, relevant COPE guidance, and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing developed by COPE, DOAJ, OASPA, and WAME. These standards provide the principal ethical and procedural framework for this policy. Where appropriate, journals also apply discipline-specific standards such as the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the Declaration of Helsinki, CONSORT, ARRIVE, PRISMA, STROBE, CARE, and other relevant reporting or ethical guidelines.

Coverage of Core Publication-Ethics Areas

This policy addresses the principal areas of publication ethics covered by current COPE standards and guidance. NG Journal of Social Development maintain publicly documented policies and workable procedures concerning:

Allegations of misconduct: receiving, assessing, investigating, referring, and responding to concerns before and after publication.
Authorship and contributorship: transparent criteria, contributor recognition, author-order changes, and dispute handling.
Complaints and appeals: fair, timely, independent, and non-retaliatory review of complaints and editorial appeals.
Conflicts of interest / competing interests: disclosure and management of relevant interests affecting authors, reviewers, editors, and the publisher.
Data and reproducibility: integrity, availability, retention, transparency, and reproducibility of data, materials, methods, code, and research records.
Ethical oversight: protection of human participants, animals, vulnerable populations, privacy, confidentiality, biosafety, and other ethical concerns.
Intellectual property: originality, plagiarism, copyright, permissions, licensing, attribution, and responsible citation.
Journal management: editorial independence, governance, training, transparency, security, recordkeeping, and responsible business practices.
Peer review processes: confidentiality, competence, impartiality, transparency, integrity, and protection against manipulation.
Post-publication discussions and corrections: mechanisms for raising concerns and for correcting, retracting, or otherwise updating the scholarly record.

Application of COPE Guidance

NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) fully complies with the Code of conduct and the Best Practice guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). The editors of NGJSD takes the responsibility to ensure high quality scientific publications that meet standards of academic excellence and to enforce a rigorous peer review together with strict ethical policies and standards in the field of scholarly publications. In case of an ethical issue, all requisite action is taken. Ethical issues that might be raised by readers of the Journal will be examined by the editorial office following procedures in line with COPE guidelines.

When a publication-ethics question is not fully resolved by this policy, El Jiboh Center for Social Science Research and NG Journal of Social Development will consult the current COPE Code of Conduct, guidelines, flowcharts, discussion documents, and case-based recommendations relevant to the circumstances. COPE materials will be used as recognized procedural guidance and adapted, where necessary, to the journal’s discipline, the available evidence, applicable law, contractual duties, and the rights of affected persons.

Ethical concerns will be handled consistently, confidentially, impartially, and without unnecessary delay. A person who is materially conflicted must not control the assessment or decision.
Affected parties will normally receive sufficient notice of the concern and a reasonable opportunity to respond, subject to confidentiality, legal, safety, and evidence-preservation requirements.
Journals assess the reliability of submitted and published content but do not replace the formal investigative authority of research institutions, employers, funders, ethics committees, regulators, or courts. Matters requiring institutional fact-finding may be referred to the appropriate body.
The journal may take interim or final editorial action when necessary to protect readers and the scholarly record, even when an external investigation is pending, delayed, inconclusive, or unavailable.
Reference to COPE means that El Jiboh Center for Social Science Research uses COPE standards and resources as guidance. It must not be represented as evidence of COPE membership, certification, approval, or endorsement unless such status has been independently verified and is current.

Policy Hierarchy

These statements provide a minimum publisher-wide standard. A journal may adopt more detailed requirements for its discipline or article types, but journal-specific policies must not reduce the standards of integrity, transparency, accountability, editorial independence, or protection of research participants stated here. These Ethics Statement should be read together with the applicable journal’s Publication Policies, Author Guide, Peer Review Policy, and other published requirements.

Core Principles and Editorial Independence

Editorial decisions must protect the reliability of the scholarly record and be based on scholarly merit, originality, methodological soundness, ethical compliance, relevance to the journal, and quality of reporting.

Editorial decisions must not be determined by an author’s nationality, ethnicity, race, religion, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, disability, age, political beliefs, institutional affiliation, commercial relationships, ability to pay, or access to a waiver or discount.
The source of journal revenue, including article processing charges, sponsorship, advertising, reprints, or other services, must not influence peer review, acceptance, rejection, correction, retraction, or other editorial action.
Editors must have authority over editorial content and must be protected from commercial, political, institutional, or personal interference.
All parties must act honestly, professionally, transparently, and respectfully and must promptly disclose errors, conflicts, or concerns that could affect the integrity of the work or the publication process.
Policies declared by the journal must be applied in practice. The publisher and journal are responsible for keeping website information accurate, current, and consistent with published content.

Duties of the Publisher

El Jiboh Center for Social Science Research serves as guardian of the scholarly record and supports editors and reviewers in applying these standards.

Maintain editorial independence and ensure that business considerations do not compromise editorial decisions.
Provide appropriate systems, staffing, training, and procedures for peer review, research-integrity checks, complaints, appeals, corrections, retractions, preservation, and metadata maintenance.
Protect confidential manuscript, reviewer, author, and investigation information and process personal data in accordance with applicable privacy and data-protection requirements.
Support editors in responding to credible concerns and, where appropriate, communicate with authors, reviewers, institutions, funders, ethics bodies, other journals, or relevant authorities.
Publish corrections, retractions, expressions of concern, or other notices when necessary and preserve a transparent record of changes.
Ensure that special issues, supplements, sponsored content, and publisher-owned or editor-authored submissions are subject to appropriate independent oversight.
Avoid misleading claims concerning indexing, metrics, acceptance, review speed, editorial-board membership, fees, or guaranteed publication.

Duties of Editors

Editors are responsible for the integrity, fairness, quality, and timeliness of the editorial process and for the content they approve for publication.

Evaluate manuscripts within the journal’s stated scope and on their scholarly and ethical merits.
Arrange appropriate external peer review for primary research and for other content where external review is required by journal policy. Exceptions must be transparent.
Select reviewers with suitable expertise and reasonable independence; consider relevant conflicts, workload, timeliness, and the need for methodological or statistical review.
Make the final editorial decision independently. Reviewer recommendations are advisory and must not be converted mechanically into acceptance or rejection solely through scores or vote counting.
Protect confidentiality, avoid using unpublished information for personal advantage, and prevent unauthorized access to submissions and reviews.
Disclose and manage editorial conflicts. Editors must not handle manuscripts in which they, close collaborators, family members, institutional colleagues, or parties with whom they have a significant conflict are involved.
Be alert to plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, image or data manipulation, duplicate publication, inappropriate authorship, peer-review manipulation, citation manipulation, paper-mill activity, and other misconduct.
Avoid coercive citation requests. Suggestions to cite additional work must be academically justified and must not be used to increase citations to the editor, reviewer, journal, or publisher.
Respond to credible concerns before or after publication and follow fair procedures that give affected parties an opportunity to respond.
Correct the scholarly record promptly when errors or misconduct are established or when reliable conclusions cannot be maintained.

Duties of Reviewers

Reviewers contribute to editorial decisions and help authors improve their work. Acceptance of a review invitation confirms a commitment to confidentiality, objectivity, competence, and timely performance.

Decline the invitation or consult the editor when the manuscript is outside the reviewer’s expertise, the review cannot be completed on time, or a conflict may impair impartiality.
Treat the manuscript, supplementary files, review report, editorial correspondence, and identities learned through review as confidential.
Do not share the manuscript, contact the authors, delegate the review, or involve another person without prior permission from the editor. Approved co-reviewers must be identified so that their contribution can be recognized and conflicts can be assessed.
Provide specific, constructive, evidence-based comments. Personal criticism, hostile language, discriminatory remarks, harassment, and unsupported allegations are unacceptable.
Disclose financial, institutional, collaborative, competitive, personal, ideological, or other interests that could reasonably be perceived to affect the review.
Do not use unpublished ideas, data, methods, code, images, or other information obtained through peer review for personal, professional, or commercial advantage.
Alert the editor to suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, manipulated data or images, unethical research, undisclosed conflicts, inappropriate citations, or other integrity concerns, while avoiding direct accusations to the authors.
Recommend citations only when they are genuinely relevant. Reviewers must not pressure authors to cite the reviewer’s own work, the journal, or unrelated literature.
Comply with the journal’s artificial-intelligence policy. Confidential submissions must not be uploaded to an unauthorized AI system.

Duties of Authors

Authors are responsible for the integrity, originality, accuracy, transparency, and ethical compliance of the work they submit and publish.

Present an accurate account of the work and an objective interpretation of its significance. Fabricated, falsified, selectively reported, or knowingly misleading statements are prohibited.
Submit original work and appropriately quote, cite, and obtain permission for the words, ideas, data, images, instruments, software, or other material of others.
Do not submit the same or substantially overlapping manuscript to more than one journal at the same time. Prior dissemination, related manuscripts, preprints, theses, conference papers, translations, or secondary publications must be disclosed.
Ensure that all listed authors qualify for authorship, all qualified authors are included, all authors approve the submitted and final versions, and all authors agree to be accountable for the work.
Obtain all required ethics approvals, registrations, permits, permissions, and informed consents before conducting and publishing the research, and report them accurately in the manuscript.
Disclose all relevant competing interests, funding sources, grant numbers, sponsor roles, and other relationships that could influence or appear to influence the work.
Retain and, when appropriately requested, provide the data, code, source files, ethics documentation, permissions, or other records needed to verify the work, subject to lawful restrictions.
Promptly notify the journal of material errors discovered during review or after publication and cooperate with corrections, investigations, and other necessary actions.

Authorship and Contributorship

Authorship must reflect substantial intellectual contribution and accountability. El Jiboh Centre for Social Science Research encourages transparent contributor statements using the Credit taxonomy or another journal-approved framework.

Each author should have made a substantial contribution to the conception or design of the work; acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; creation of software or methods; or another substantive scholarly component; should participate in drafting or critically revising the work; should approve the final version; and should accept accountability for their contribution and the integrity of the work.
Gift, guest, honorary, and ghost authorship are prohibited. Individuals who provide language editing, administrative support, technical assistance, funding acquisition, or other non-author contributions should be acknowledged with their permission.
The corresponding author must be authorized to act for all authors, ensure that all authors receive relevant communications, and confirm the accuracy of authorship, affiliations, contributions, disclosures, and approvals.
Artificial intelligence systems, language models, software tools, and organizations who cannot meet accountability requirements must not be listed as authors.
A deceased contributor may be retained as an author when the contributor satisfied the applicable authorship criteria before death. The corresponding author must confirm the deceased author’s contribution, and the publication should identify the author as deceased. Responsibility for final approval and post-publication communication must be assumed by the surviving authors.
Requests to add, remove, or reorder authors after submission require a clear explanation and written agreement from all affected authors. Changes after acceptance or publication are permitted only in exceptional circumstances and may require institutional review and a formal correction notice.
Authorship disputes that cannot be resolved by the authors may be referred to the relevant institution. The journal may pause review or publication while the dispute is assessed.

Originality, Prior Publication, and Plagiarism

NG Journal of Social Development may use similarity-detection software, including iThenticate, together with editorial assessment. A similarity percentage is a screening indicator and is not, by itself, a finding of plagiarism or misconduct.

Plagiarism includes presenting another person’s text, ideas, data, images, code, structure, translation, or other intellectual work without appropriate attribution or permission.
Duplicate or redundant publication includes publishing substantially the same findings or analysis more than once without transparent cross-reference, justification, and permission where required.
Text recycling or self-overlap is evaluated in context. Limited reuse of standard methodological wording may be acceptable when unavoidable and transparent; recycled results, interpretation, or substantial narrative may require revision, citation, rejection, correction, or retraction.
Posting a manuscript as a preprint or including work in a thesis or dissertation does not normally constitute prior journal publication, provided the prior version is disclosed and the journal’s policy is followed.
Translations, secondary publications, replications, updates, registered reports, protocols, or extended conference papers may be considered only when the relationship to prior work is fully disclosed and the new publication has legitimate scholarly value.
Submission through a paper mill, undisclosed sale or purchase of authorship, fabricated peer review, or other third-party manipulation is prohibited.

Research Integrity: Data, Images, and Research Records

Research findings must be supported by authentic, accurately represented, and appropriately documented evidence.

Fabrication is the creation of data or results that did not occur. Falsification includes manipulating research materials, equipment, processes, images, code, or data, or omitting information so that the research is misrepresented. Both are prohibited.
Images must not be enhanced, obscured, moved, removed, or introduced in a way that misrepresents the original evidence. Adjustments applied to an entire image may be acceptable when they improve clarity without altering interpretation and are described when relevant.
Splicing, rearrangement, selective presentation, or reuse of image elements must be scientifically justified, visually indicated where appropriate, and explained in the figure legend or methods.
Authors should retain original data, unprocessed images, laboratory or field records, code, instruments, questionnaires, consent documentation, and other relevant materials for the period required by law, institutions, funders, and disciplinary standards.
Editors may request source data, original images, code, ethics documentation, or other evidence for confidential examination. Failure to provide a reasonable explanation or supporting records may affect the editorial decision or lead to post-publication action.
Honest error should be distinguished from misconduct, but errors that affect the reliability or interpretation of the work must still be corrected transparently.

Citation and Reference Integrity

Citations should accurately acknowledge relevant prior work and allow readers to locate and evaluate the sources used.

Authors should cite primary and directly relevant sources, accurately represent the cited work, and avoid citing sources they have not verified.
References must not be fabricated, generated without verification, or included solely to satisfy an editor, reviewer, author group, institution, journal, or citation cartel.
Excessive self-citation, coordinated citation exchange, citation stacking, coercive citation, and irrelevant citation intended to manipulate metrics are prohibited.
Editors and reviewers may recommend additional relevant citations.

Funding Statement

NG Journal of Social Development (NGJSD) requires authors to specify any source or sources of funding (institutional, private and corporate financial support) for the work reported in their paper. This information, in the form of the name of the funding organization(s) and the grant number, should be included at the end of the article under the heading “Funding” and provided at the time of submitting the paper. If there is no funding, it has to be clearly specified.

Article Processing Charges (APC)

To maintain the academic independence of NG Journal of Social Development, the journal is committed to promoting open access research and ensuring that financial constraints do not hinder the dissemination of scholarly information. The Journal focuses on high quality-peer reviewed publications in its field. However, since the Journal is not funded by any development partner or receive fund from any source, a moderate office running charge of $60 becomes imperative to enable NGJSD pay staff, run the office and defray other overhead expenses to ensure the sustainability of the Journal.

Submission checklist

Authors are required to ensure that their submissions are in tandem with the following:

The submission has not been previously published, or being considered for publication by another journal.
The submission file is in Microsoft format
The text adheres to the Journal editorial guidelines
Ensure that Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) are properly included in the references where there is no digital object identifier (doi) persistent link
Authors should critically check the galley proof of their paper which are normally sent by the Journal Editor before publication

Acceptance or Rejection of Manuscript

NGJSD accepts manuscripts that are well researched, contextually stimulating and relevant in advancing knowledge. It also considers manuscripts with technical writing skills, quality of study, design. Studies that provide insight into important global issues. Studies that Provides help to develop new frameworks or new theories or advancement of an existing one. The methods used are to explore issues that are appropriate (for example, collection of data and interpretation of data). The methods used are applied rigorously and explain why and how the data support the conclusions. Furthermore, studies that interconnect the previous work in the relevant field or from inter-disciplinary fields.

Manuscripts are rejected if they fail to fall within the aims and scope of the Journal and or guidelines. Also when they fail the technical screening (Poor English grammar, syntax, style, and plagiarism test). Also when the manuscript is currently under consideration by another journal. Papers are also rejected when there is evidence of incomplete and insufficient evidence based data. Sound methodology is also of great essence. The Journal also rejects manuscripts when the review of related literature is not properly formed to build argument, when conclusion is not supported by data, or if issues raised in the body of the paper is not in tandem with the findings. Finally, manuscript are rejected when they do not contribute to knowledge.

Focus, Scope and Submission Guidelines

NG Journal of Social Development is one of the open access International Journals, in the area of development studies, social studies, arts, humanities, social policy, education policy, history, anthropology, management since its foundation in 2006. It started first as a print journal before it started publishing online in 2013. It has published many seminar articles, academic debates, and well researched scholarly papers bordering on the scope. Priority is given to papers which are relevant to important current issues, cutting edge and stimulating research outputs both contextual, theory and analysis. The journal has made novel and significant contributions to the field of development studies.

We invite articles that are interdisciplinary or focused on particular disciplines like public administration, political science, management, sociology, anthropology, geography education policy, fiscal policy, social policy, development studies and other related fields.

All research articles in the journal undergo rigorous peer blind review process. The name of the reviewers are anonymous to the authors concerned.

The journal is published six times a year (February, April, June, August, October and December). The Journal also has online and print issues.

Interested contributors should type their scientific papers on A4 size with wide margins blocked paragraphing and single line spacing in 12 fonts Times New Roman. It should not exceed 15 pages including the abstract of not more than 150 words. Not more than five keywords should be provided immediately after abstract. Authors are advised to use initial capitals in the paper title. The paper should be empirical or theoretical, well researched, and persuasive. It should also include: brief profile of the author including institutional affiliation and status, title of paper, abstract, introduction, statement of problem, review of related literature, method of investigation, discussion of findings and recommendations where applicable. Authors should include their phone numbers including addresses and e-mail.

Articles must be in conformity with the American Psychological Association (APA) documentation style 7^th edition. Authors should also provide their email addresses in their manuscript.

All correspondence should be addressed to:

Prof. Emma E.O. Chukwuemeka (Chief Editor)

Professor of Development Studies and Public Administration

Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka , Nigeria

E-mail editorjpds6@gmail.com

Or ee.chukwuemeka@unizik.edu.ng

Tel: +2348060967169; +2348052671039

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Website: https://www.elijibohresearch.org.ng

NG Journal of Social Development
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