Resilience and sustainability in African Cities: Exploring residents’ living environment across Kigali City neighbourhoods

Abstract

Rapid urbanization is intensifying inequality in cities, particularly in Africa, where informal neighbourhoods present significant challenges, often exposing vulnerable residents to precarious living conditions. Building resilient communities and ensuring satisfaction with livelihoods are fundamental to determining quality of life. This study examines the living environments and satisfaction levels of residents across Kigali’s neighbourhoods, based on the premise that the neighborhood is a key framework for analysing residents’ livelihoods and their distinct characteristics. Using spatial data, 130 residential neighbourhoods were mapped and analysed, while a quantitative survey collected information on residents' living conditions from 1,092 households. The results revealed significant differences in neighborhood living environments. However, contrary to common perceptions, residents of informal areas reported high levels of satisfaction with their neighbourhoods. The study concludes that, despite disparities, living conditions across Kigali’s neighbourhoods are generally adequate. Drawing from detailed evidence, it further confirms that the neighborhood scale is a valuable framework for studying resilience and sustainability in African cities.