Exploring Human Rights-Based Approach to conflict resolution and peacebuilding in selected communities in northern Ghana

Abstract

The Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA) to conflict resolution and peacebuilding promotes social justice by ensuring participation, empowerment, equity, and the incorporation of the needs of all relevant actors. However, studies indicate that factors including lack of formal education and capacity building, and political intolerance hinder the application of HRBA as an inclusive peace initiative. This study examined how the principles of HRBA are incorporated in the peace processes of some selected communities in northern Ghana. Through a concurrent mixed-method design and a combination of simple random, convenience and maximum variation sampling techniques, 306 members were chosen from seven conflict hotspot communities. The study revealed that the political empowerment and participation of ethnic minorities, women and youth in peace architecture have been insufficient. Besides, mediation appeared unsuccessful in resolving the root causes of the conflicts because it failed to address the human rights concerns of the underprivileged groups. Finally, mediation processes have not adequately captured the views and needs of the youth and women, who are mostly affected by the conflicts. The study concludes that peace initiatives fall short in adopting an HRBA, contributing to the relapse of conflicts. Therefore, the study recommends an HRBA to promote peacebuilding processes in the study areas.